Functional foods are topping the health trend charts these days. And while you may have heard of the term before, perhaps just assuming that they were good for your health, what are they really, and where can you find them? Here's all the information you need in order to add more fortified foods to your diet.
BHG / Xiaojie Liu
The term functional foods was first coined in Japan in the 1980s and soon spread to North America and Europe.While all foods serve a function, functional foods, also called «designer foods,» offer additional health benefits, beyond the basics. Some also consider the term «nutraceuticals» to be synonymous with functional foods, but many do not, as nutraceuticals are typically products derived from food but sold in the form of pills, powders, or liquids—think more in the realm of supplements.
Though not officially defined by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), functional foods either occur naturally, or are fortified with ingredients like fiber, vitamins, minerals, or probiotics—adding to their nutritional profile.
Fortification is the addition of nutrients to a food, while enrichment is adding nutrients that naturally occur, but were lost during processing, back into the food. Typically, functional foods will be fortified, a category that can include cereals, milks, juices, and snack foods. One classic example is the addition of folic acid to breakfast cereals, which started in the late 1990s. In fact, the FDA has required that folic acid be added to enriched grain products, including bread, pasta, rice, and cereal, since 1998.
This was originally done to help prevent birth defects—but little did cereal producers know that they were actually producing one of the first versions of functional foods.
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