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Why are my Onions Flowering?
29.08.2024 - 10:34 / gardenersworld.com
Onions are an easy vegetable to grow and usually produce good-sized bulbs that are ready to harvest when the leaves flop over and then turn brown. However, sometimes, onions produce flowers rather than a swollen bulb, or bloom before the bulb has fully swollen. This is known as ‘bolting’ or running to seed and is a fairly common problem with onions, caused by weather or adverse growing conditions. Bolted onions are still edible but they just need eating straight away as they’re not good for storing. What’s more, onion flowers attract pollinators such as bees, and also produce seed which you can collect and use to grow next year’s crop of onions.
Why do onions flower?Plants produce flowers to develop seed and reproduce themselves, so flower production is a natural and necessary part of their lifecycle. However, we gardeners often don’t want vegetable plants to produce flowers – for crops like onions, garlic, leeks and beetroot, our job is to ensure the plant concentrates its energy on producing the part of the plant we want to eat, in this case a nice, swollen bulb. This is usually achieved by growing onions in moisture-retentive soil, keeping the area weed free and watering consistently and evenly throughout the growing season. But if weather conditions aren’t favourable – for example if there’s too much or too little sun – the stressed plant may ‘bolt’ or ‘run to seed’, which is to say it completes its lifecycle early. With onions, the bulb produces a thickened stem topped with a flower pod, which opens to produce a globe-shaped head of usually white flowers, which are very attractive to pollinators.
The life cycle of onionsBulb onions are biennial plants, which means they grow in the first year, flower in the second,
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