Fish and chips on Mars: our research shows how colonists could produce their own food
17.06.2024 - 11:25
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Header image: Digital Art by Jae Park Mars Exploraton: composite art showing AEF and CELSS (background art courtesy of Boeing)
Benz Kotzen, University of Greenwich
Humans can’t help being fascinated by space. And that interest seems to be making the possibility of moving humanity to another planet, like Mars or the Moon, more distinct, with Nasa hoping to set up colonies in the next few decades.
But these missions will only be viable if astronauts can produce their own food. To colonise Mars, settlers will have to grow their own food in systems that are as close to self-perpetuating as possible, with little or no input from Earth once these systems have been established. This is because Mars is 54.6 million km away from Earth, and it would take around seven months to get there using current technology.
Martians will need to grow fresh produce to be healthy and well. Our research team looked at Mars because there are plans to send people there. While the atmosphere is toxic at 95% CO₂ (compared to 0.04% on Earth), Mars has a day length similar to that of Earth. As on Earth, intensive horticulture would need extended periods of lighting. And it’s likely there is water in ice form on the surface of Mars and in the rocks below.
We set up an aquaponic system to test how to supply Martians with food in the future. Aquaponics is a food production system that pairs aquaculture (raising aquatic animals such as fish in tanks) with hydroponics (cultivating plants in water). The nutrient-rich water from the aquaculture tanks are passed to the hydroponic parts of the system, to fertilise and grow the plants.
My team’s research explored how to produce fish and vegetables and whether we could add effluents (liquid waste) from the aquaponics
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