Strangely beautiful and intricately designed, lace bugs are fascinating little plant pests.
Not to be confused with the similarly named good guys lacewings, these doily-like insects aren’t a welcome sight, especially on ornamental trees and shrubs.
The damage they do to foliage can be confused with that of thrips or spider mites. Luckily, these pets are not nearly as serious or hard to control.
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So how do you identify a lace bug problem, and what are your control options? Keep reading, because this guide includes everything you need to know about these sap-sucking pests.
Here’s what we’ll cover:
What Are Lace Bugs?
Belonging to the Tingidae family in the Hemiptera – or true bug – order, there are 140 known species of lace bugs in North America.
Like all true bugs, the adults and nymphs have needle-like mouthparts which they use to suck sugary plant juices.
Lace bugs focus on the underside of deciduous and evergreen tree and shrub leaves, leaving small white or yellow spots on the upper surface.
Their hosts include azalea, basswood, elm, hackberry, hawthorn, lantana, oak, pyracantha, rhododendron, and sycamore.
The damage becomes most noticeable when populations are large in mid to late summer. If feeding is heavy, leaves may drop prematurely.
They also produce small, dark droppings where they feed. These are sometimes called varnish spots.
The damage caused by these pests is mainly cosmetic, and usually doesn’t affect the health of the plant, especially when it is a healthy and mature tree or shrub.
Identification
Often, the species you’ll find in your garden are from the genera
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Woodlice are generally seen as scavengers who eat rotting matter, they are not thought of as harmful to the garden. However, they do chew leaves and stems of tomatoes and cucumber in the greenhouse. They are not true insects but a species of crustacean.
A: As much as wild ivy provides a very important habitat for birds and insects, and the arboreal form (the older, shrubby growth which produces flowers), and is a really valuable source of nectar, it can also be problematic in established gardens where it can damage built structures as well as some established, older trees such as your apple tree. With the latter, very heavy ivy growth can eventually cause death by overburdening the tree’s leafy canopy, which in turn can result in (a) broken branches, leading to an increased risk of disease and (b) destabilising of the tree’s root system, increasing the risk of it falling in a storm. Very heavy ivy growth in the canopy of a fruit tree can also reduce the amount of light needed for healthy growth, interfere with blossom set and slow down ripening of the fruit.
Azalea lace bugs are rather small insects, but their feeding habits leave telltale signs on the foliage. The leaves will have a whitish cast to them. Close examination will reveal very fine specks on the upper leaf surface where the green pigment, chlorophyll, is absent. If you look on the underside of the leaves, you will see tiny tar‑like spots of excrement. High populations of lace bugs are more prevalent on plants located in full sun.
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