Are you familiar with deadheading? This is the practice of cutting flowers off a plant after they finish blooming, and before they set seed.Its main purpose is to extend the growing s
06.06.2023 - 17:19 / gardenerspath.com / Nan Schiller
Broccoli Buttoning: What Causes Multiple Tiny Heads?Broccoli, Brassica oleracea var. italica, is a cruciferous vegetable in the Brassicaceae, or cabbage family. It is a cool-weather crop that can be quite challenging to grow.
In this article, we discuss why plants may produce heads that button, or form multiple tiny heads, as opposed to one large, compact one.
Then we offer steps to take to avoid this outcome.
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Here’s what we’ll cover:
We’ll start with a summary of the requirements for cultivation. You can learn more in our full guide to growing broccoli.
Growing EssentialsIn order to even hope for a praiseworthy crop of tight, green heads, you must cater to the requirements of this prima donna of the cruciferous vegetable world.
Plants enjoy a full-sun location, with neutral, organically-rich soil, which is well-draining and stays evenly moist. They don’t like being too close together, which can cause pest and disease problems – and you need to remember that they are cool-weather crops.
There are three basic phases in broccoli development:
The juvenile stage, when the plant is putting all of its energy into foliar growth.The start of the reproductive phase, when the characteristic head starts to form.Time for the head to mature.If a young plant is stressed by environmental pressures, this can cause it to enter the reproductive stage prematurely.
If this happens, it can grow small, button-like heads – and these will never mature into one large, tight head, resulting in the production of one or more of small “buttons.” instead.
Let’s find out what can go wrong to cause heads to button.
The Likely CulpritsWhen you see
Are you familiar with deadheading? This is the practice of cutting flowers off a plant after they finish blooming, and before they set seed.Its main purpose is to extend the growing s
The different sized beads and color variation in this broccoli head is known as “cat eye,” where clusters of small, lighter-colored beads are surrounded by larger, darker-colored beads. This is a common symptom of heat stress in broccoli, which is more often seen in broccoli grown in the spring as temperatures heat up during head formation, especially if spring temperatures heat up quickly. The head pictured here would be unmarketable. Heat has been one of the biggest challenges to growing broccoli on the east coast; therefore, selecting heat-tolerant varieties (pg. 49) is extremely important when planning a broccoli crop.
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